On Monday we had a snow day!!!!
On Tuesday we made a chart of the 7th grade science class traits. Then we used the results to show what traits are dominant and recessive. For example, being able to taste a PTC taster would be a dominant trait. It only takes one dominant alleles to be dominant. For home work we had to answer if you could tell that somebody is heterozygous by a trait. You can't tell because you would have to see the alleles.
On Wednesday we went over our charts and figured out what traits are recessive and what traits aren't.
On Thursday we took our egg and sperm cells that we made for home work. We put traits on them and then put them in a cup. This was to prepare for our lab on Friday. It was to support our predicted punett squares. We would pull out an egg and sperm and match the traits four times. Then we compare the results to our original punett squares.
On Friday, we did the lab that I explained. My groups expected punett squares matched our results. Then we tried one trait again and I did not match.
I think that we did this because we needed to see how traits get passed on from generation to generation.
Friday, March 6, 2009
Friday, February 27, 2009
Sciencio weeko.......[:{)-I-(
This week in science we learned about how traits of people work. For example, if a pea is yellow, and the other pea that it is breeding with is yellow, then the children are likely to be yellow if they are both homozygous. This means that the alleles are both dominant. Alleles are traits that can not be seen. A genotype is a set of alleles. A phenotype is a trait that you can see such as brown eyes. For example, brown eyes are more dominant than blue eyes in my family. This means that most of my family members have brown eyes. To figure these problems out, you can use something called punit squares. Punit squares match up alleles to see different traits of people families. For example, if brown eyes are more dominant than blue, Brown would be BB as there alleles. Blue would be bb. These are homozygous, meaning the same alleles. If brown was heterozygous, the alleles would be Bb. They are still brown though because whenever there is one dominant allele in the genotype, it will be the more dominant trait. The only time you will get the recessive trait is when there are two recessive alleles such as bb.
BB-Dominant trait- homozygous
Bb-Dominant trait- heterozygous
bb-recessive trait-homozygous
If your dominant trait is blond hair, and recessive trait is brown hair
And alleles are BB and bb
The four off springs would all be Bb
There for all of the off springs would have Blond hair because there is a dominant trait in all four of the genotypes
BB-Dominant trait- homozygous
Bb-Dominant trait- heterozygous
bb-recessive trait-homozygous
If your dominant trait is blond hair, and recessive trait is brown hair
And alleles are BB and bb
The four off springs would all be Bb
There for all of the off springs would have Blond hair because there is a dominant trait in all four of the genotypes
Saturday, February 7, 2009
sCiEnCe ClAsS
This week we learned about meiosis. Meiosis is sexual reproduction. It is where sex cells are made. The chromosomes go through DNA replication and then split into two new cells. They are now haploid cells because they have 50% of the DNA. It started out with diploid, when it had 100% of the cells. After the chromosomes split, they split again into four sperm cells. We also learned about homologous pairs. These are two of the same pairs of chromatids. In meiosis, the chromosomes have to switch parts of theselves do replicate. Unlike mitosis, the chromosomes are lined up on either side of a plate in the cell. Then they are pulled apart by the spindle fibers.
Another difference between mitosis and miosis is that meiosis has double the stages. For example, there is a prophase1 and prophase2. This is because they make two cells and then they make four. When they replicate for the first time, it is the first stage. The second replication is the second stage.
Another difference between mitosis and miosis is that meiosis has double the stages. For example, there is a prophase1 and prophase2. This is because they make two cells and then they make four. When they replicate for the first time, it is the first stage. The second replication is the second stage.
Friday, January 30, 2009
This weeko in sciencio
This week in science on Monday, we went over the mitosis worksheet. We learned each phase of mitosis. (Interphase, prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telephase, cytokinesis, and interphase). We learned what each phase was and how they were related. This is important because all of them together show how cells divide. On this week we learned alot about chromosomes.
Chromatin-unwound DNA
Chromatid-wound up DNA
Sister Chromotids-two connected chromotids
Centromere-Thing that connects sister chromosomes
Sister Chromotids that are connected by centromere make a chromosome
centrosomes are centrioles after they are split apart
We also learned that a karyotype is a picture of all your chromosomes
The two chromotids are called the mother and father chromotids
All of these terms help us understand mitosis better
We also made a concept map of mitosis terms. That helped us relate each term.
Chromatin-unwound DNA
Chromatid-wound up DNA
Sister Chromotids-two connected chromotids
Centromere-Thing that connects sister chromosomes
Sister Chromotids that are connected by centromere make a chromosome
centrosomes are centrioles after they are split apart
We also learned that a karyotype is a picture of all your chromosomes
The two chromotids are called the mother and father chromotids
All of these terms help us understand mitosis better
We also made a concept map of mitosis terms. That helped us relate each term.
Friday, January 23, 2009
SSSSCCCCIIIIIIEEEEENNNNCCCEEE
We had no school on monday, On tuesday we watched the Presidential inaugeration. On wednesday, we had a test. That narrows it down to thursday and friday. On thursday, we went over the lab. This was the onion root lab. We saw the different phases of the cell replication. This is important because it shows how we make more cells. The cells double their chromosomes and make another cell. On Friday, we learned that the correct term for this was called mitosis. Then we did a cell simulation of the different phases of mitosis on the computer. I learned that spindle fibers pull apart the chromosomes and make new cells with just the right amount of chromosomes in each cell.
Friday, January 16, 2009
An Important week in science......aren't they all?
On Monday's homework, we made a concept map onDNA, genes, protien, m-RNA/t-RNA, codons,amino acid,and chromosomes. This is important because it helps us understand these things and also know what they do together. For example, the DNA exposes the gene which forms the m-RNA and so on.
On Tuesday we learned about reproduction. We learned that cells come from other cells. They replicate the DNA. They are exactly the same. This is called A-sexual. This means that you could reproduce by it self. Sexual is when you have to have contact with another cell or person to reproduce. This is important because your body is constantly reproducing new cells. We also learned about chromosomes. The boy has an x and y chromosome, and the girl has a x and x chromosomes. If the baby gets two x chromosomes, then it is a girl. If they have an x and y chromosome, then it is a boy. The males have a sperm cell, and the girl have an ova cell. When combined, they make a new cell. That is called fertilization. This is important because it shows how people are reproduced. We also did this on Wednesday.
On Thursday and Friday, We did a lab on looking through a microscope looking at the ends of an onions root. This is because the roots grow to get more water. We saw cells and the DNA. Then we answered questions on it.
On Tuesday we learned about reproduction. We learned that cells come from other cells. They replicate the DNA. They are exactly the same. This is called A-sexual. This means that you could reproduce by it self. Sexual is when you have to have contact with another cell or person to reproduce. This is important because your body is constantly reproducing new cells. We also learned about chromosomes. The boy has an x and y chromosome, and the girl has a x and x chromosomes. If the baby gets two x chromosomes, then it is a girl. If they have an x and y chromosome, then it is a boy. The males have a sperm cell, and the girl have an ova cell. When combined, they make a new cell. That is called fertilization. This is important because it shows how people are reproduced. We also did this on Wednesday.
On Thursday and Friday, We did a lab on looking through a microscope looking at the ends of an onions root. This is because the roots grow to get more water. We saw cells and the DNA. Then we answered questions on it.
Friday, January 9, 2009
Science week review
On Monday, we had a two homework questions. One of them was can a plant live under water? They can because there are water molecules, oxygen molecules, and carbon dioxide molecules. They also enough food stored to live for a little while.
On Tuesday we learned about the different molecules in the water. We also learned about why plants are so amazing. This is because they can recycle their own waste. We also learned about how photosynthesis relates to respiration. The chloroplasts take in H2O, CO2, and sunlight (energy). These are the reactants. It gives off sugar and oxygen which go into the mitochondria. The mitochondria gives off CO2, energy, and H2O. These are the products. The reactants are the things that you start off with and they are the beginning off a process. The products are the things that you end up with which are created in the process. Without plants, we wouldn't have energy. Plants take in the sun and convert it into energy. We eat animals that eat plants. All of this shows why plants are so amazing.
On Wednesday, we learned about why fish can't breathe under water. This is because behind their gills, they have a grid sort of thing that keeps water out, but lets oxygen come in that was absorbed under the water. They can't breath above water, because there is too much oxygen and other chemicals like Co2 that can go through their gills. This shows how our lungs are different than a fishes. We also learned about the energy pyramid. There are four sections on it. The plant-autotroph section which is the biggest, the primary consumer section, the secondary consumer section, and the tertiary consumer section, which is the smallest. Each section has a sertain amount of Jules of energy. Each time that you go up a section, it transfer 10% of the Jules of energy. The plants-autotrophs have 1500 Jules of energy. Then it transfers 10% to the next section to make it 150 Jules of energy, and so on. This shows how energy is transferred to make their own food.
On Thursday we had a sub. we got in groups and did a paper on RNA. We also had to watch a computer simulations of how RNA is decoded. The messenger RNA is created to bind with the ribosomes to be decoded. They leave the nucleus and enter the cytoplasm to decode. When it is read , the amino acid is activated by an enzyme. After that, we went to another website to create RNA strands. We first had to decode the RNA letters. Then we had to click and drag the correct codons to make an RNA strand. This shows how peoples genes are duplicated.
On Friday, we just took a quiz on photosynthesis.
On Tuesday we learned about the different molecules in the water. We also learned about why plants are so amazing. This is because they can recycle their own waste. We also learned about how photosynthesis relates to respiration. The chloroplasts take in H2O, CO2, and sunlight (energy). These are the reactants. It gives off sugar and oxygen which go into the mitochondria. The mitochondria gives off CO2, energy, and H2O. These are the products. The reactants are the things that you start off with and they are the beginning off a process. The products are the things that you end up with which are created in the process. Without plants, we wouldn't have energy. Plants take in the sun and convert it into energy. We eat animals that eat plants. All of this shows why plants are so amazing.
On Wednesday, we learned about why fish can't breathe under water. This is because behind their gills, they have a grid sort of thing that keeps water out, but lets oxygen come in that was absorbed under the water. They can't breath above water, because there is too much oxygen and other chemicals like Co2 that can go through their gills. This shows how our lungs are different than a fishes. We also learned about the energy pyramid. There are four sections on it. The plant-autotroph section which is the biggest, the primary consumer section, the secondary consumer section, and the tertiary consumer section, which is the smallest. Each section has a sertain amount of Jules of energy. Each time that you go up a section, it transfer 10% of the Jules of energy. The plants-autotrophs have 1500 Jules of energy. Then it transfers 10% to the next section to make it 150 Jules of energy, and so on. This shows how energy is transferred to make their own food.
On Thursday we had a sub. we got in groups and did a paper on RNA. We also had to watch a computer simulations of how RNA is decoded. The messenger RNA is created to bind with the ribosomes to be decoded. They leave the nucleus and enter the cytoplasm to decode. When it is read , the amino acid is activated by an enzyme. After that, we went to another website to create RNA strands. We first had to decode the RNA letters. Then we had to click and drag the correct codons to make an RNA strand. This shows how peoples genes are duplicated.
On Friday, we just took a quiz on photosynthesis.
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